Woad
Isatis tinctoriafam. Boraginaceae
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Pl. 438A — Isatis tinctoria
Isatis tinctoriaIsatis tinctoriaIsatis tinctoriaIsatis tinctoriaIsatis tinctoriaIsatis tinctoriaIsatis tinctoriaIsatis tinctoriaIsatis tinctoriaIsatis tinctoriaIsatis tinctoriaIsatis tinctoriaIsatis tinctoriaIsatis tinctoria
IOverview
Overview
Woad (Isatis tinctoria) is a biennial or perennial forb/herb known for its historical significance in dyeing fabrics with a deep blue color. Native to the Mediterranean region and parts of Eastern Europe, it thrives in moist, light to heavy soils with a pH between 7.5 and 8. The plant reaches a height of about 1 meter and is adaptable to soil types ranging from sandy to clay. Woad leaves are edible and have been used for culinary purposes, though its primary importance lies in its historical use as a natural dye. Its distinctive feature includes the production of a striking blue pigment from the leaves, which was highly valued during ancient times.
Quick answers
What is Woad?
Woad (Isatis tinctoria) is a biennial or perennial forb/herb known for its historical significance in dyeing fabrics with a deep blue color. Native to the Mediterranean region and parts of Eastern Europe, it thrives in moist, light to heavy soils with a pH between 7.
Growingconditions · propagation · uses
VCultivation
Cultivation
Woad thrives in light to partial shade and prefers moist, well-draining soils that are light (sandy), medium, or heavy (clay). It is hardy in temperate regions with zones 6-9. For best results, sow seeds directly in the garden after danger of frost has passed; it can be propagated by division or cuttings. The plant grows to a height of about 1 meter and produces edible leaves that are suitable for culinary use. Maintain consistent moisture and ensure the soil pH is between 7.5 and 8 for optimal growth.
Light
8/10
Water
Moist
Soil
Light (sandy), Medium, Heavy (clay)
Hardiness
6-9
Life cycle
Biennial, Perennial
Habit
Forb/herb
Mature size
1.0 m tall
Soil pH
7.5–8
For first-time growers
How to grow Woad for the first time
8steps
Start with planting Woad in a sunny spot, and follow these simple steps for success.
- 1
What you'll need
Seeds or seedlings, a trowel, compost.
- 2
Best time to plant
Plant seeds in spring after the last frost, or transplant young plants in early summer.
- 3
Soil and container prep
Choose a well-draining soil with a pH of 7.5–8. Amend your garden bed with compost if needed.
- 4
Sowing or transplanting
Direct sow seeds 1 cm deep, spaced 30-45 cm apart. Transplant seedlings when they have several true leaves.
- 5
First two weeks
Water regularly to keep the soil moist but not waterlogged. Mulch around plants to retain moisture.
- 6
Ongoing care
Provide consistent watering, especially during dry spells. Fertilize with compost once in early summer.
- 7
Harvest or pruning
Prune back after the first flush of leaves to encourage more growth and prevent bolting.
- 8
Common mistakes
Overwatering, planting too close together, neglecting to mulch.
VIEdible & utility
Edible & utility
Edible parts:Leaves
Edible uses: The leaves of Woad (Isatis tinctoria) are edible and can be prepared in various ways. They are often used fresh or cooked, similar to spinach. The leaves can also be dried for later use. Skip the specific preparation methods as details were not provided.
Other uses:DyePreservative
Contextrange · companions · related
VIIDistribution
11 native · 19 introduced
Distribution
11 native · 19 introducedDistribution across2 continents· 11 native· 19 introduced
Europe10 regions
native (7)AlbaniaBulgariaGreeceItalyRomaniaRussiaUkraine
introduced (3)FranceRussiaSpain
Asia3 regions
native (1)Turkey
introduced (2)AfghanistanChina
Broader regions
native:Yugoslavia
introduced:Baltic States, British Columbia, Idaho, Amur, Colorado, Chile Central, Illinois, California, Khabarovsk, Kirgizstan
IXSpecimen gallery
1 image
Specimen gallery
1 imageXSee also
8 related
See also
8 relatedPlants you might compare or use together — scored by shared family (Boraginaceae), common use cases, and growing requirements.
same family · Boraginaceae
Botanical relatives — often share phytochemistry + growing needs.
XI
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Companion planting
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