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Black hickory

Carya buckleyifam. Juglandaceae
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Carya buckleyi (Black hickory) — botanical photograph
Pl. 09E0 — Carya buckleyi
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Overview

Black hickory (Carya buckleyi) is a deciduous tree in the family Juglandaceae, native to the central and southern United States. Its range includes Arkansas, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, Oklahoma, and Texas. The tree grows slowly, typically reaching a height of about 10 meters, and is hardy in USDA zones 5 through 9. It prefers full sun and moist soil, whether light and sandy, medium, or heavy clay, and is not considered drought resistant. The black hickory's most noted edible part is its seed. The nuts can be eaten raw or roasted, are commonly used in cooking, and can be ground into flour for baking. Roasting also makes the shells easier to remove when preparing the seeds. Beyond food, the tree has practical utility: its wood is used as lumber, and its material can serve as a fire starter. It is also valued as an ornamental tree for its form. For cultivation, a sunny site with reliable moisture and well-draining soil suits the tree, and propagation is typically done from seed. Because Carya buckleyi is not regarded as medicinal, its main value lies in its edible seed and timber rather than in any therapeutic use. Anyone handling the nuts for food should apply the same caution they would with any wild-gathered or homegrown crop and confirm identification before eating.

Quick answers

What is Black hickory?

Black hickory (Carya buckleyi) is a deciduous tree in the family Juglandaceae, native to the central and southern United States. Its range includes Arkansas, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, Oklahoma, and Texas.

Compare with:Black Hickory→Carya x laneyi→Pecan→all comparisons →
Growingconditions · propagation · uses
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Cultivation

Black hickory (Carya buckleyi) is a tree that reaches about 10 metres, so give it room to spread. It wants full sun and moist soil. It tolerates light sandy, medium, and heavy clay soils, which makes it adaptable to varied garden ground. Hardiness runs from zones 5 to 9. The edible part is the seed. Its native range spans several central and southern US states, including Arkansas, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, Oklahoma, and Texas. No propagation method is given in the available data.
Light
Full sun
Water
Moist
Soil
Light (sandy), Medium, Heavy (clay)
Hardiness
5-9
Habit
Tree
Mature size
10.0 m tall
For first-time growers

How to grow Black hickory for the first time

8steps

Start with planting a young Black hickory tree for a rewarding long-term project.

  1. 1

    What you'll need

    A young Black hickory sapling, garden gloves, and a shovel.

  2. 2

    Best time to plant

    Plant in spring or fall when the soil is moist but not waterlogged.

  3. 3

    Soil and container prep

    Ensure the site has well-draining soil with a pH between 6.0 and 7.5.

  4. 4

    Sowing or transplanting

    Transplant the sapling to a prepared hole that's twice as wide but not deeper than its root ball.

  5. 5

    First two weeks

    Water regularly, keeping the soil moist but not soggy. Mulch around the base to retain moisture.

  6. 6

    Ongoing care

    Provide full sun and regular watering until established. Prune only if necessary to remove dead or damaged branches.

  7. 7

    Harvest or pruning

    Prune in late winter before new growth starts to maintain the tree's shape.

  8. 8

    Common mistakes

    Planting too deep, overwatering, and neglecting proper pruning are common pitfalls.

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Edible & utility

Edible parts:Seed
Edible uses: The black hickory tree (Carya buckleyi) produces edible seeds that can be eaten raw or roasted. The nuts are also commonly used in cooking and can be ground into a flour for baking. Skip the shelling process by roasting the seeds to make them easier to remove.
Other uses:Fire starterLumber
Contextrange · companions · related
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Distribution

9 native · 0 introduced
Distribution across0 continents· 9 native
Broader regions
native:Arkansas, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, Oklahoma, Texas
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Specimen gallery

1 image
Carya buckleyi (Black hickory) — botanical photograph
Black hickory (Carya buckleyi)
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See also

8 related
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Explore further

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