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Knotweed

Polygonum avicularefam. Polygonaceae
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Polygonum aviculare (Knotweed) — botanical photograph
Pl. 1F14 — Polygonum aviculare
Polygonum avicularePolygonum avicularePolygonum avicularePolygonum avicularePolygonum avicularePolygonum avicularePolygonum avicularePolygonum avicularePolygonum avicularePolygonum avicularePolygonum avicularePolygonum avicularePolygonum avicularePolygonum aviculare
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Overview

Knotweed (Polygonum aviculare), a widespread annual forb or herb, is found across a broad range including Afghanistan, Alabama, Alaska, and many other regions from Europe to Asia and North America. This plant thrives in moist, light to heavy soil with a pH of 5.5–6.5, making it adaptable to various environments. Known for its edible leaves and seeds, knotweed also has documented medicinal uses. This plant can grow up to 0.3 meters tall, contributing to its presence in diverse habitats from coastal areas to inland regions. Knotweed's hardiness spans zones 4-8, allowing for cultivation across a wide range of climates. Knotweed is a valuable plant for its edible and medicinal properties. The leaves and seeds are edible and can be used in various culinary applications, including making tea. Its medicinal uses include traditional remedies for various ailments, though caution should be exercised when using it as a treatment. Knotweed thrives in full sun to partial shade and requires regular watering to maintain its moisture needs. It can be propagated through seeds or by dividing the roots. This plant's adaptability and widespread presence make it a notable species in both native and introduced contexts.

Quick answers

What is Knotweed?

Knotweed (Polygonum aviculare), a widespread annual forb or herb, is found across a broad range including Afghanistan, Alabama, Alaska, and many other regions from Europe to Asia and North America. This plant thrives in moist, light to heavy soil with a pH of 5.

Compare with:Alaska Wild Rhubarb→Curled Dock→Polygonum conspicuum→all comparisons →
IV·b

Mixology suggestions

2 drafts
Editorial drafts. These pairings are AI-suggested from traditional herbal lore. Always verify with a qualified herbalist before brewing.
Knotweed and Lady's Bedstraw
skin
tincture
Traditionally used for skin conditions.
Knotweed and Watercress
digestion
tea
Historically used to aid digestion.
Growingconditions · propagation · uses
V

Cultivation

Knotweed thrives in light to medium soils with a pH between 5.5 and 6.5, preferring moist conditions but tolerating a variety of soil types including sandy, loamy, and clay. It is hardy in temperate regions within zones 4-8 and can grow up to 0.3 meters tall. Knotweed requires full sun to partial shade and should be watered regularly to maintain its moisture needs. Propagation can occur through seeds or by dividing the roots. Harvest edible parts, such as leaves and seeds, throughout the growing season.
Light
7/10
Water
Moist
Soil
Light (sandy), Medium, Heavy (clay)
Hardiness
4-8
Life cycle
Annual
Habit
Forb/herb
Mature size
0.3 m tall
Soil pH
5.5–6.5
For first-time growers

How to grow Knotweed for the first time

7steps

Knotweed is a forgiving plant for beginners, making it an excellent choice for your first gardening project.

  1. 1

    What you'll need

    Seeds or young plants, a small trowel, and a watering can.

  2. 2

    Best time to plant

    Plant in early spring after the last frost or in late summer for fall germination.

  3. 3

    Soil and container prep

    Ensure soil is well-draining with a pH between 5.5 and 6.5, and prepare containers at least 30 cm deep.

  4. 4

    Sowing or transplanting

    Direct sow seeds in the ground or start them indoors about 4 weeks before planting outside. Transplant young plants after danger of frost passes.

  5. 5

    First two weeks

    Keep soil consistently moist and provide partial shade to help seedlings establish.

  6. 6

    Ongoing care

    Water regularly, especially during dry spells, and mulch around the base for moisture retention. Prune back any dead or overgrown foliage as needed.

  7. 7

    Harvest or pruning

    Prune plants in late winter to maintain shape and encourage new growth.

VI

Edible & utility

Edible parts:LeavesSeed
Edible uses: Tea
Other uses:Dye
Contextrange · companions · related
VII

Distribution

160 native · 38 introduced
Distribution across4 continents· 160 native· 38 introduced
Europe26 regions
native (26)AlbaniaAustriaBelarusBelgiumBulgariaCyprusDenmarkFinlandFranceGermanyGreeceHungaryIcelandIrelandItalyNetherlandsNorwayPolandPortugalRomaniaRussiaSpainSwedenSwitzerlandUkraineUnited Kingdom
Asia18 regions
native (18)AfghanistanChinaGeorgiaIranIraqJapanKazakhstanMyanmarNepalPakistanPalestineSaudi ArabiaSouth KoreaTaiwanTurkeyTurkmenistanUzbekistanYemen
Americas9 regions
native (2)Costa RicaUnited States
introduced (7)BoliviaColombiaEcuadorGuatemalaParaguayUnited StatesUruguay
Africa13 regions
native (7)AlgeriaEgyptEritreaEthiopiaLibyaMoroccoTunisia
introduced (6)AngolaChadKenyaLesothoNamibiaZimbabwe
Broader regions
native:Alabama, Alberta, Altay, Amur, Arizona, Arkansas, Baltic States, British Columbia, Buryatiya, California, Chita, Colorado, Connecticut, Czechoslovakia, Delaware, District of Columbia, East Aegean Is., East Himalaya, Florida, Føroyar, Hainan, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Irkutsk, Kamchatka, Kansas, Kentucky, Khabarovsk, Kirgizstan, Krasnoyarsk, Kriti, Kuril Is., Labrador, Lebanon-Syria, Louisiana, Magadan, Maine, Manitoba, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nansei-shoto, Nebraska, Nevada, New Brunswick, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Northwest Territorie, Nova Scotia, Ohio, Oklahoma, Ontario, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Primorye, Québec, Rhode I., Sakhalin, Saskatchewan, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tadzhikistan, Tennessee, Texas, Transcaucasus, Turkey-in-Europe, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, West Himalaya, West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming, Yakutskiya, Yugoslavia, Yukon
introduced:Argentina Northeast, Argentina Northwest, Argentina South, Brazil South, Brazil Southeast, Cape Provinces, Chile Central, Chile North, Chile South, Falkland Is., Free State, Juan Fernández Is., KwaZulu-Natal, Masachusettes, Massachusetts, Mexico Central, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Northwest, New Zealand North, Newfoundland, Northern Provinces, Prince Edward I., Svalbard, Tasmania, Tristan da Cunha
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Specimen gallery

1 image
Polygonum aviculare (Knotweed) — botanical photograph
Knotweed (Polygonum aviculare)
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See also

8 related
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Explore further

XII

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