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Mountain Hemlock

Tsuga mertensianafam. Pinaceae
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edibletall treesedibleedible barknative amshade toleranttree
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Tsuga mertensiana (Mountain Hemlock) — botanical photograph
Pl. 0876 — Tsuga mertensiana
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Overview

Mountain Hemlock (Tsuga mertensiana) is a coniferous tree native to the Pacific Northwest and northern California, ranging from Alaska to Washington and Idaho. This tree thrives in moist, well-draining soil that can be light (sandy), medium, or heavy (clay), with a pH between 4.5 and 7.3. It prefers partial sun to full shade and can grow up to 45 meters tall, making it a tall tree in its natural habitat. Native to hardiness zones 5-7, it is adaptable to various growing conditions and can be a versatile addition to gardens and landscapes. The Mountain Hemlock is known for its ornamental value, with its fine green foliage adding a touch of elegance to any setting. It also has edible uses, with its inner bark and shoots being harvested for tea. Introduced into Norway and Sweden, this tree has shown its adaptability beyond its native range. Its growth form is single-stemmed, and it grows at a slow rate, making it a long-lasting addition to any garden. While not medicinal, it is important to handle the tree with care, especially when harvesting parts for consumption, as some parts may be toxic if not prepared correctly.

Quick answers

What is Mountain Hemlock?

Mountain Hemlock (Tsuga mertensiana) is a coniferous tree native to the Pacific Northwest and northern California, ranging from Alaska to Washington and Idaho. This tree thrives in moist, well-draining soil that can be light (sandy), medium, or heavy (clay), with a pH between 4.

Compare with:Canadian Hemlock→Chinese Hemlock→Chinese Nutmeg Tree→all comparisons →
Growingconditions · propagation · uses
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Cultivation

Mountain Hemlock thrives in partial sun to full shade and prefers moist, well-draining soil that can be light (sandy), medium, or heavy (clay). It is hardy in zones 5-7 and grows up to 45 meters tall. For cultivation, ensure the soil pH ranges between 4.5 and 7.3 for optimal growth. Harvest edible parts such as inner bark and shoots from this tree, which is native to Alaska, British Columbia, California, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Oregon, and Washington.
Light
Full sun, Partial sun/shade, Full shade
Water
Moist
Soil
Light (sandy), Medium, Heavy (clay)
Hardiness
5-7
Habit
Tree
Mature size
45.0 m tall
Soil pH
4.5–7.3
For first-time growers

How to grow Mountain Hemlock for the first time

7steps

Start with a simple Mountain Hemlock sapling to ensure success in your first planting attempt.

  1. 1

    What you'll need

    A young Mountain Hemlock sapling, well-draining soil, and a large container or garden space.

  2. 2

    Best time to plant

    Plant in early spring when the ground is moist but not waterlogged.

  3. 3

    Soil and container prep

    Ensure your soil has a pH between 4.5 and 7.3, which can be tested with a home kit or professional service.

  4. 4

    Sowing or transplanting

    Transplant the sapling to its permanent location in the garden or a large container.

  5. 5

    First two weeks

    Water regularly to keep the soil moist but not soggy, and protect from strong winds during this period.

  6. 6

    Ongoing care

    Provide partial shade, especially if your area has intense sunlight. Water when the top inch of soil feels dry.

  7. 7

    Harvest or pruning

    Prune in late winter to early spring to maintain shape and remove dead branches.

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Edible & utility

Edible parts:Inner barkShoots
Edible uses: Tea
Other uses:DyeHedgerowFragranceResinTanninLumber
Contextrange · companions · related
VII

Distribution

8 native · 2 introduced
Distribution across2 continents· 8 native· 2 introduced
Europe2 regions
introduced (2)NorwaySweden
Americas1 region
native (1)United States
Broader regions
native:British Columbia, California, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Oregon, Washington
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Specimen gallery

1 image
Tsuga mertensiana (Mountain Hemlock) — botanical photograph
Mountain Hemlock (Tsuga mertensiana)
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See also

8 related

Plants you might compare or use together — scored by shared family (Pinaceae), common use cases, and growing requirements.

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