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Great Burdock

Arctium lappa
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Arctium lappa (Great Burdock) — botanical photograph
Pl. D88E — Arctium lappa
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I

Overview

Great Burdock (Arctium lappa) is a biennial herb native to regions stretching from Afghanistan and Albania to China and Japan, thriving in various habitats across Europe, Asia, and parts of Africa. This adaptable plant grows up to 2 meters tall and prefers light, medium, or heavy soil with a pH between 7 and 7.5, making it well-suited for moist conditions. The large, heart-shaped leaves provide an ornamental touch, while the roots, seeds, and stems are all edible. Burdock's roots can be cooked or eaten raw, the leaves used in salads, and the seeds roasted or dried. The plant is propagated by direct seeding, with seedlings thinned to about 8 cm apart. Great Burdock has been traditionally used for its cooling, bitter properties, believed to aid sluggish liver function and digestion. It is hardy in zones 3-7, making it suitable for temperate regions. This versatile herb can be cultivated in gardens or landscapes where its distinctive leaves add an ornamental value. While it requires regular watering, especially during the growing season, Great Burdock thrives with ample light and well-drained soil. Its edible parts make it a valuable addition to culinary uses, while its medicinal properties offer traditional health benefits.

Quick answers

What is Great Burdock?

Great Burdock (Arctium lappa) is a biennial herb native to regions stretching from Afghanistan and Albania to China and Japan, thriving in various habitats across Europe, Asia, and parts of Africa. This adaptable plant grows up to 2 meters tall and prefers light, medium, or heavy soil with a pH between 7 and 7.

What is Great Burdock used for?

Traditionally used for digestion. Each claim is evidence-rated — see Section II for full citations.

Best for
Top 1 evidence-ranked use of Great Burdock
Jump to full evidence →
Clinicaluses · safety · chemistry · dosagemedicinal profile
II

Benefits & evidence

1 claim · traditional-use context
Traditional-use context
These notes are presented as ethnobotanical context. No cited clinical references are catalogued for this plant yet.
  • Traditional use: burdock root cooling bitter for sluggish liver-driven digestion.

    Inulin + sesquiterpene lactones

    ▲ LimitedDigestion →
IV·b

Mixology suggestions

1 draft
Editorial drafts. These pairings are AI-suggested from traditional herbal lore. Always verify with a qualified herbalist before brewing.
Digestive Harmony
digestion
tea
Traditional use for supporting digestive health.
Growingconditions · propagation · uses
V

Cultivation

Great Burdock thrives in light to medium soil with a pH of 7-7.5 and prefers moist conditions. It is hardy in temperate regions, zones 3-7. Direct seed in spring or early summer, thinning seedlings to 8 cm apart. This biennial plant can grow up to 2 meters tall and produces edible leaves, roots, seeds, and stems. Ensure it has plenty of light and regular watering, especially during the growing season. Skip if you are looking for a low-maintenance plant.
Light
8/10
Water
Moist
Soil
Light (sandy), Medium, Heavy (clay)
Hardiness
3-7
Life cycle
Biennial
Habit
Forb/herb
Mature size
2.0 m tall
Soil pH
7–7.5
Propagation
Direct seed, thin seedlings to 8cm
Row spacing
5 cm
For first-time growers

How to grow Great Burdock for the first time

8steps

Great Burdock is a hardy, easy-to-grow plant that can be a rewarding addition to your garden for beginners.

  1. 1

    What you'll need

    Seeds or seedlings, a trowel, and a watering can.

  2. 2

    Best time to plant

    Plant in early spring or late summer for best results.

  3. 3

    Soil and container prep

    Choose a location with moist, well-draining soil. Ensure the pH is between 7-7.5.

  4. 4

    Sowing or transplanting

    Direct sow seeds 1 cm deep and 30 cm apart. Thin seedlings to 8 cm apart after germination.

  5. 5

    First two weeks

    Keep the soil consistently moist, especially during dry spells.

  6. 6

    Ongoing care

    Water regularly, mulch around the base for moisture retention, and remove weeds as needed.

  7. 7

    Harvest or pruning

    Prune dead leaves to maintain plant health. Harvest roots in fall after the first frost.

  8. 8

    Common mistakes

    Overwatering, planting too close together, neglecting to mulch.

VI

Edible & utility

Edible parts:LeavesRootSeedStem
Edible uses: Great Burdock's leaves, roots, seeds, and stems are all edible. The roots can be cooked or eaten raw, while the leaves are often used in salads. Seeds can also be consumed after roasting or drying. The stem is less commonly eaten but can be prepared similarly to the root.
Other uses:Hair
Contextrange · companions · related
VII

Distribution

80 native · 55 introduced
Distribution across3 continents· 80 native· 55 introduced
Europe26 regions
native (24)AlbaniaAustriaBelarusBelgiumBulgariaCyprusDenmarkFinlandFranceGermanyGreeceHungaryIcelandItalyNetherlandsNorwayPolandPortugalRomaniaRussiaSpainSwedenSwitzerlandUkraine
introduced (2)IrelandUnited Kingdom
Asia19 regions
native (18)AfghanistanCambodiaChinaIranIraqJapanKazakhstanLaosMyanmarNepalPakistanPalestineSouth KoreaTaiwanTurkeyTurkmenistanUzbekistanVietnam
introduced (1)Georgia
Americas1 region
native (1)Greenland
Broader regions
native:Altay, Baltic States, Czechoslovakia, East Aegean Is., East Himalaya, Føroyar, Hainan, Kirgizstan, Krasnoyarsk, Kriti, Lebanon-Syria, Malaya, Sinai, Svalbard, Tadzhikistan, Transcaucasus, Turkey-in-Europe, West Himalaya, Yugoslavia
introduced:Alabama, Alberta, Amur, Arizona, British Columbia, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Khabarovsk, Kuril Is., Maine, Manitoba, Maryland, Masachusettes, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Montana, Nevada, New Brunswick, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New South Wales, New York, New Zealand North, New Zealand South, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Ontario, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Primorye, Québec, Rhode I., Sakhalin, Saskatchewan, South Carolina, South Dakota, Utah, Vermont, Victoria, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming
VIII

Garden companions

4 pairs
IX

Specimen gallery

1 image
Arctium lappa (Great Burdock) — botanical photograph
Great Burdock (Arctium lappa)
X

See also

8 related
XI

Explore further

XII

About this entry

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