Skip to content
IIIFolio · plant profile№ B7BCmedicinal
Data provenanceTrefle2 refseditorially reviewedreviewed 12 Oct 2026methodology → read
Home/Plants/Passifloraceae

Passionflower

Passiflora incarnatafam. Passifloraceae

A climbing vine with intricate flowers and a long ethnobotanical record for nervousness and insomnia. Lead compound: vitexin.

Educational content — not medical, botanical, or professional advice. Always consult a qualified clinician before using any herbal preparation — especially during pregnancy, breastfeeding, while on medication, or for children. How we source & review →
medicinalanxietymedicinalnative amsleepstressvine
Updated·Quick Q&A →
Garden journal pausedUse profile notes below
Passiflora incarnata (Passionflower) — botanical photograph
Pl. B7BC — Passiflora incarnata
Passiflora incarnataPassiflora incarnataPassiflora incarnataPassiflora incarnataPassiflora incarnataPassiflora incarnataPassiflora incarnataPassiflora incarnataPassiflora incarnataPassiflora incarnataPassiflora incarnataPassiflora incarnataPassiflora incarnataPassiflora incarnata
I

Overview

Passionflower (Passiflora incarnata) is a climbing vine belonging to the Passifloraceae family, native to southeastern United States and parts of Central America, including Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, and Indiana. This plant can be found in various habitats such as woodlands, fields, and roadsides. Known for its medicinal properties, passionflower has been traditionally used to reduce stress and anxiety, with documented benefits including reduced pre-procedural and generalized anxiety. Additionally, it enhances sleep quality by improving overall sleep patterns. The distinctive flowers of the passionflower are particularly noteworthy, featuring a unique, intricate corolla that often appears purple or white. Another notable characteristic is the presence of vitexin, a flavonoid compound found in various parts of the plant including the aerial portions, leaves, and flowers. Passionflower thrives in partial to full sunlight but can tolerate some shade and prefers well-draining soil rich in organic matter. Regular watering ensures consistent moisture without becoming waterlogged. While passionflower is not edible, its medicinal properties make it valuable for those seeking natural remedies for stress, anxiety, and sleep issues. However, caution should be exercised when using any herbal remedy, as individual responses can vary. Always consult a healthcare professional before incorporating passionflower into your treatment regimen.

Quick answers

What is Passionflower?

Passionflower (Passiflora incarnata) is a climbing vine belonging to the Passifloraceae family, native to southeastern United States and parts of Central America, including Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, and Indiana. This plant can be found in various habitats such as woodlands, fields, and roadsides.

What is Passionflower used for?

Traditionally used for stress & anxiety, better sleep. Each claim is evidence-rated — see Section II for full citations.

Is Passionflower safe?

2 documented contraindications — review Section III before use. Always consult a clinician for medical conditions, pregnancy, or medication interactions.

Compare with:Banana Passionfruit→Passiflora herbertiana→all comparisons →
Best for
Top 2 evidence-ranked uses of Passionflower
Jump to full evidence →
Clinicaluses · safety · chemistry · dosagemedicinal profile
II

Benefits & evidence

2 claims · 2 cited sources
  • Reduces pre-procedural and generalized anxiety

    Likely GABAergic via flavone glycosides (vitexin, isovitexin). Small but consistent clinical signal.

    ▲ ModerateStress & anxiety →1 source
  • Improves sleep quality

    Subjective and PSG measures both improved in pilot trials.

    ▲ ModerateBetter sleep →1 source
II

Cautions & contraindications

2 cautions
MAOIs
Theoretical interaction; clinical reports limited.
caution
pregnancy
Pregnancy: avoid (uterine stimulant in animal studies).
warning
Need audience-specific safety verdicts? See dogs, cats, children, pregnancy, or breastfeeding guides.
III

Active compounds

1 listed
VitexinOthermarker0.800–1.600%
alkaloidterpeneflavonoidglycosidephenolicpolysaccharide
IV

Dosage

FormDoseFrequencyDuration
Standardized capsule
Moderate potency
250.000–1000.000 mg1–4× dailyUp to 56 days
Infusion / tea
Mild potency
1.000–2.000 g / 240 ml1–4× dailyUp to 56 days
Tincture (1:5, 45%)
Moderate potency
2.000–4.000 ml3× dailyUp to 42 days
IV·b

Mixology suggestions

1 draft
Editorial drafts. These pairings are AI-suggested from traditional herbal lore. Always verify with a qualified herbalist before brewing.
Evening Calm
sleep
tea
Traditional bedtime infusion.
Growingconditions · propagation · uses
V

Cultivation

Passionflower thrives in partial to full sunlight but can tolerate some shade. It prefers well-draining soil that is rich in organic matter. Water the plant regularly, ensuring it gets consistent moisture without becoming waterlogged. Hardy in temperate regions, passionflower can be propagated through stem cuttings or by dividing established plants. The aerial parts, flowers, and leaves are used for their medicinal properties, particularly to reduce stress and anxiety and improve sleep quality. Vitexin is one of the compounds found in passionflower that contributes to its benefits.
For first-time growers

How to grow Passionflower for the first time

7steps

Start with passionflower as a simple, low-maintenance plant for beginners.

  1. 1

    What you'll need

    Passionflower seeds or young plants, potting soil, containers with drainage holes.

  2. 2

    Best time to plant

    Plant in spring after the last frost, or start seeds indoors about 6 weeks before the last expected frost.

  3. 3

    Soil and container prep

    Use well-draining potting mix. Ensure containers are at least 12 inches wide and deep.

  4. 4

    Sowing or transplanting

    Direct sow seeds outdoors after danger of frost, or start indoors and transplant young plants once they have several leaves.

  5. 5

    First two weeks

    Keep soil consistently moist. Place in a sunny spot with at least 6 hours of direct sunlight daily.

  6. 6

    Ongoing care

    Water when the top inch of soil feels dry, and fertilize every 4-6 weeks with a balanced fertilizer.

  7. 7

    Harvest or pruning

    Prune in late winter to early spring to encourage new growth. Remove dead leaves and spent flowers.

Contextrange · companions · related
VII

Distribution

21 native · 10 introduced
Distribution across2 continents· 21 native· 10 introduced
Asia6 regions
native (1)Georgia
introduced (5)BangladeshIndiaMyanmarPakistanVietnam
Oceania1 region
introduced (1)New Caledonia
Broader regions
native:Alabama, Arkansas, Bermuda, Florida, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, West Virginia
introduced:Delaware, District of Columbia, Maryland, New Jersey
VIII

Garden companions

1 pair
Plant near these

These plants help — by repelling pests, fixing nitrogen, attracting pollinators, or sharing space well.

IX

Specimen gallery

1 image
Passiflora incarnata (Passionflower) — botanical photograph
Passionflower (Passiflora incarnata)
X

See also

8 related

Plants you might compare or use together — scored by shared family (Passifloraceae), common use cases, and growing requirements.

XI

Explore further

XII

About this entry

Last updated
Citation
How to cite this entry · Submit a correction
Back to the cataloguePlant id · b7bcb725-45de-4b04-9799-b45bfecb61e4
❦❦❦❦
Endpaper · archive updates

Get archive updates

Occasional email when substantial new content lands — plant profiles, seasonal growing notes, folk-remedy additions. Free, no tracking, unsubscribe anytime.

Newsletter returning soon.
We are rebuilding the update list around a lightweight editorial workflow. New dispatches will resume after the next content review cycle.
iCare notes